Is it true that PCB antennas can be tuned by only changing their length?

No. The basic PCB antenna starts out as being a length of trace along a portion of the board where there is no ground plane on the layers below. If the available simple length is not enough to achieve resonance, several approaches can be used.

• One is to zig-zag the trace to increase its effective length.
• Another is to add a small chip inductor in series with the feed to the trace.
• Still another is to add some capacitive end-loading at the far end of the antenna trace.

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